Examination of students' written mathematical communication skills in addressing gender-based open-ended problems
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Abstract
Written mathematical communication skills are an important concern in mathematics education. One way to assess these skills is by presenting students with open-ended problems. This study examines differences in written mathematical communication skills based on gender. The purpose of this study is to describe students’ written mathematical communication skills in solving open-ended problems from a gender perspective. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with participants consisting of Grade VIII students from SMPN 2 Pamekasan, categorized into low, medium, and high levels of written mathematical communication skills. Data were collected through open-ended problem-solving tests to analyze students’ written mathematical communication based on gender. The findings indicate that: (1) students in the low-ability category were unable to fully meet the indicators, with both males and females scoring 58; (2) students in the medium-ability category were moderately able to meet the indicators, with both males and females scoring 75; and (3) students in the high-ability category demonstrated strong performance in meeting the indicators, with males scoring 83 and females 100. These results suggest that high-ability students are more effective in meeting the indicators of written mathematical communication, with observable differences based on gender. Female students tend to excel in written narratives, whereas male students show greater strength in visualization. Students with low and medium abilities still require support in notation, image proportion, and written explanations.
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Susilowati, I., Cholily, Y. M., Rosyadi, A. A. P., & In’am, A. (2025). Examination of students’ written mathematical communication skills in addressing gender-based open-ended problems. Kalamatika: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 10(2), 117-136. https://doi.org/10.22236/KALAMATIKA.vol10no2.2025pp117-136
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Baehaqi, M. R., Parta, I. N. & Chandra, T. D. (2023). Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Tulis Siswa Bergaya Belajar Visual Dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Ditinjau dari Perbedaan Gender [The Written Mathematical Communication Skills of Visual-Learning-Style Students in Solving Problems Reviewed by Gender Differences]. Jurnal Cendekia : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 7(1), 550–561. https://doi.org/10.31004/cendekia.v7i1.1978
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Davita, P. W. C., & Pujiastuti, H. (2020). Anallisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Ditinjau Dari Gender [Analysis of Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability Viewed from Gender]. Kreano, Jurnal Matematika Kreatif-Inovatif, 11(1), 110–117. https://doi.org/10.15294/kreano.v11i1.23601
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Fitri, A. & Darhim, D. (2023). Analysis of Students’ Mathematical Communication Skills Based on Gender in Solving Social Arithmetic Problems. Prima: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 7(2), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.31000/prima.v7i2.8511
Hajar, S., Sofyan & Amalia, R. (2021). Analisis Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Open-Ended Ditinjau Dari Kecerdasan Emosional [Analysis of Students’ Mathematical Reasoning Skills in Solving Open-Ended Problems Viewed from Emotional Intelligence]. Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika Realistik (JI-MR), 2(2), 32–36. https://doi.org/10.33365/ji-mr.v2i2.1413
Hartini, Maharani, Z. Z. & Rahman, B. (2016). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Think-Pair-Share untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa SMP [The Implementation of the Think-Pair-Share Learning Model to Improve Junior High School Students’ Mathematical Communication Skills]. Kreano, Jurnal Matematika Kreatif-Inovatif, 7(2), 131–135. https://doi.org/10.15294/kreano.v7i2.5009
Ikhtiar, M. A., Sudirman & Hidayanto, E. (2021). Komunikasi Matematis Tulis Siswa dalam Pemecahan Masalah Matematika [Students’ Written Mathematical Communication in Solving Mathematical Problems]. JIPM (Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Matematika), 10(1), 14–25. https://doi.org/10.25273/jipm.v10i1.8398
Izzah, L., Faslurrohman, M. & Permatasari, D. (2022). Students’ Mathematics Problem-Solving Viewed From Mathematics Anxiety and Gender. Alifmatika: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Matematika, 4(2), 166–175. https://doi.org/10.35316/alifmatika.2022.v4i2.166-175
Karlimah, K., Andriani, D. & Suryana, D. (2020). Development of Mathematical Anxiety Instruments with a Rasch Model Analysis. The Open Psychology Journal, 13(1), 181–192. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874350102013010181
Maryati, I. et al. (2022). Analisis Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis dalam Materi Aljabar Linier [Analysis of Mathematical Communication Skills in Linear Algebra Material]. Prisma, 11(1), 210–220. https://doi.org/10.35194/jp.v11i1.2044
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M. & Saladaña, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook (3th ed). SAGE.
Mirna et al. (2023). Analisis Peningkatan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa dengan Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning [Analysis of the Improvement of Students’ Mathematical Communication Skills through the Implementation of the Problem-Based Learning Model]. Jurnal Cendekia: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 7(1), 645–657. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31004/cendekia.v7i1.1922
Murtafiah, W. et al. (2023). How Do Students’ Decision-Making Ability in Solving Open-Ended Problems? Infinity Journal, 12(1), 133–150. https://doi.org/10.22460/infinity.v12i1.p133-150
Patmaniar, Amin, S. M. & Sulaiman, R. (2021). Students’ Growing Understanding In Solving Mathematics Problems Based On Gender: Elaborating Folding Back. Journal on Mathematics Education, 12(3), 507–530. https://doi.org/10.22342/JME.12.3.14267.507-530
Qirom, M. S., Dahlan, J. A. & Turmudi, T. (2023). Gender differences in written mathematical communication skills of junior high school students. Jurnal Elemen, 9(2), 509–525. https://doi.org/10.29408/jel.v9i2.14062
Qurohman, M. T., Romadhon, S. A. & Sungkar, M. S. (2021). Improvement of Mathematical Communication Skills for Students DIII Mechanical Engineering with Think Pair Share Method: A Case of Indonesia. Formatif: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan MIPA, 11(2), 233–244. https://doi.org/10.30998/formatif.v11i2.8548
Rahmalia, R., Hajidin & Ansari, B. I. (2020). Peningkatan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Dan Disposisi Matematis Siswa SMP Melalui Model Problem Based Learning [Improving Junior High School Students’ Mathematical Communication Skills and Mathematical Disposition through the Problem-Based Learning Model]. Jurnal Numeracy, 7(1), 137–149. https://doi.org/10.46244/numeracy.v7i1.1038
Rahmawati, L., Effendi, A. & Amam, A. (2022). Hubungan Disposisi Matematis Terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa SMP pada Pokok Bahasan SPLDV [The Relationship Between Mathematical Disposition and Junior High School Students’ Mathematical Communication Skills on the Topic of Two-Variable Linear Equations (SPLDV)]. J-KIP (Jurnal Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan), 3(2), 445–454. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.25157/j-kip.v3i2.6704
Raja, A., Ahmad, M. & Lubis, R. (2020). Efektivitas Penggunaan Pendekatan Open-Ended Terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Siswa Di Kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Sibabangun [The Effectiveness of Using the Open-Ended Approach on Students’ Communication Skills in Grade X of SMA Negeri 1 Sibabangun]. JURNAL MathEdu (Mathematic Education Journal), 3(3), 9–14. http://journal.ipts.ac.id/index.php/MathEdu/article/view/1821
Risaldi, Susiswo & Irawati, S. (2023). Berpikir Kreatif Siswa SMP dalam Memecahkan Masalah Matematika Berdasarkan Gender [Junior High School Students’ Creative Thinking in Solving Mathematical Problems Based on Gender]. Jurnal Cendekia : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 7(3), 2437–2451. https://doi.org/10.31004/cendekia.v7i3.2479
Saragih, R. M. B., Simamora, Y. & Febrianti, S. S. (2021). Pengaruh Pembelajaran Open-Ended Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematik Siswa SMA Nurul Iman Tanjung Morawa [The Effect of Open-Ended Learning on Improving the Mathematical Conceptual Understanding of Students at SMA Nurul Iman Tanjung Morawa]. OMEGA: Jurnal Keilmuan Pendidikan Matematika, 1(1), 7–11. https://doi.org/10.47662/jkpm.v1i1.156
Setiyani et al. (2020). Designing a digital teaching module based on mathematical communication in relation and function. Journal on Mathematics Education, 11(2), 223–236. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.11.2.7320.223-236
Situmorang, A. S. & Pandiangan, E. (2022). Analysis Of Mathematical Communication Skills on The Material of Two-Variable Linear Equation System in SMP Negeri 7 Medan 1. International Journal of Humanities Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS), 2(1), 348–353. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v2i1.243
Solahudin, I. (2022). Analisis Open-Ended Problem Sebagai Penilaian Matematika Selama Pembelajaran di Era Pandemic Covid-19’ [Analysis of Open-Ended Problems as a Form of Mathematics Assessment During Learning in the Covid-19 Pandemic Era]. Jurnal Edukasi dan Sains Matematika (JES-MAT), 8(1), 33–46. https://doi.org/10.25134/jes-mat.v8i1.5378
Suprapto, E. et al. (2023). Students’ mathematical literacy skill in term of gender differences: A comparative study. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 12(4), 2280–2285. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v12i4.27224
Syafira, D. R. A., & Zulkarnaen, R. (2022). Analisis Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa Berdasarkan Teori Kastolan [Analysis of Students’ Mathematical Communication Skills Based on Kastolan’s Theory]. Biormatika : Jurnal ilmiah fakultas keguruan dan ilmu pendidikan, 8(1), 84–92. https://doi.org/10.35569/biormatika.v8i1.1225
Umaratu, S. J., Ngaba, A. L., & Nggaba, M. E. (2022). Analysis of Mathematical Problem Solving Ability Viewed from Gender Differences in Public High School. Kontinu: Jurnal Penelitian Didaktik Matematika, 6(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.21608/pshj.2022.250026
Utami, N. W., Anwar, L. & Muksar, M. (2023). Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Tertulis Mahasiswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Penerapan Inklusi-Eksklusi Ditinjau dari Perbedaan Gender [Students’ Written Mathematical Communication Skills in Solving Inclusion–Exclusion Application Problems Viewed from Gender Differences]. AKSIOMA: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, 12(1), 717–724. https://doi.org/10.24127/ajpm.v12i1.6412
Zetriuslita, Nofriandi & Istikomah, E. (2021). Improving Students’ Mathematics Communication Ability Through Geogebra. Pedagogia: Jurnal Pendidikan, 10(2), 113–126. https://doi.org/10.21070/pedagogia.v10vi2i.1266